Abdominoperineal resection (APR) is a major surgical procedure performed for rectal cancer or severe lower rectal diseases. It involves removing the rectum, anus, and part of the sigmoid colon, requiring a permanent colostomy for waste elimination. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia, either laparoscopically or via open surgery. Recovery takes several weeks, with careful monitoring for infections, wound healing, and colostomy management. Potential complications include bleeding, infection, and difficulty adjusting to the colostomy. Post-operative care includes dietary adjustments, physical rehabilitation, and psychological support. APR provides a definitive cure for lower rectal cancers and improves survival rates. It is a life-saving procedure that ensures complete cancer removal. Despite lifestyle changes, most patients adapt well with proper support. APR is a reliable treatment for advanced rectal diseases.