UROLOGICAL SURGERIES

Torsion of the testis is a urological emergency where the spermatic cord twists, cutting off blood supply to the testicle. It causes sudden, severe scrotal pain, swelling, nausea, and vomiting. Immediate surgical intervention is required to prevent testicular loss. The surgery involves making a small incision in the scrotum, untwisting the testicle, and assessing its viability. If the testicle is healthy, it is secured (orchidopexy) to prevent future torsion.

Orchidopexy is a surgical procedure to reposition an undescended testicle into the scrotum and secure it in place. It is commonly performed in infants and young boys with cryptorchidism (undescended testis) but may also be done in adults for testicular torsion prevention. The procedure is done under general anesthesia through a small groin or scrotal incision. The testicle is carefully mobilized and placed into the scrotum, where it is fixed with sutures.

Orchidectomy is the surgical removal of one or both testicles, performed for conditions like testicular cancer, severe torsion, trauma, or hormone therapy in prostate cancer patients. It is done under general or local anesthesia through a small incision in the groin or scrotum. The affected testicle is carefully removed, and the spermatic cord is tied off to prevent complications. Recovery is quick, with most patients resuming daily activities within a week.

Feeding jejunostomy is a surgical procedure in which a feeding tube is placed directly into the jejunum (a part of the small intestine) to provide nutrition. It is commonly performed for patients who cannot take food orally due to conditions like head and neck cancer, neurological disorders, or gastrointestinal obstructions. The procedure is done under general anesthesia, either through open surgery or laparoscopically.